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Sultanpur Bird Sanctuary, November 28, 2008

The fog clung to the ground in great murky blankets when I arrived at Sultanpur Bird Sanctuary on this Friday morning. At 6 AM, traffic on NH 8 via Mehrauli and Gurgaon had been thin, but my gruff but kindly Sikh cab driver held my gaze for an astonished moment in the rear-view mirror when I said I was going looking for birds. After driving more than 50 km from Delhi in bone-numbing cold and dangerous visibility levels to do this, he must have wondered. But he only said I could have gone to Bharatpur instead. But Sultanpur, so close to Delhi (in Haryana), is a celebrated avian paradise. And winter made it especially so. A Bluethroat, displaying its gaily banded chest, welcomed me. As the fog lifted, peafowl scuttled, but a covey of Grey Francolins grazed unperturbed on the path ahead of me. A thudding of hooves announced Nilgai. A female followed by three young calves crossed barely a hundred metres in front of me. Sarus cranes were calling, and somewhere among the reeds a Black-necked Stork was planning breakfast. The soft quackering of several migratory ducks, the trilling of Tailorbirds and at least three species of Prinia - Ashy, Plain and Graceful - provided the background music for my morning walk. The mist lifted gently, and the view became less ghostly. Painted storks and cormorants flew overhead. In a copse to my right, two male Black Redstarts had a mild face-off. A Rufous-tailed Shrike picked a dragonfly out of mid-air and dismembered it slowly on a thorn thicket. Red-throated Flycatchers were everywhere, some males showing off their bright throats. The water was alive with ducks. Though I was staring right into the sun, I could tell the silhouettes of Northern Shovellers and Spotbills. There were Common Teals, Lesser Whistling Ducks, Common and Crested Pochards, Tufted Ducks, Gadwall and Garganey. But among them all, sailing like frigates in a flotilla of dhows, were the Greylag Geese. Large, beautiful birds with bills of pink, they lorded over the water. Until a Eurasian Marsh Harrier scattered the ducks and extracted a shudder out of the Greylag flock. There were other raptors too - Spotted Eagles, Oriental Honey Buzzards, Black-shouldered Kites, Kestrels... As winter wears on, these waters will attract more migrants, among them Common Cranes, Bar-headed Geese and a host of warblers and waders. And then, by March, most of them would have returned, but for the Shovellers, who are usually the last to go.
  1. Alexandrine Parakeet
  2. Ashy Prinia
  3. Asian Pied Starling
  4. Bank Myna
  5. Barn Swallow
  6. Black Kite
  7. Black Redstart
  8. Black-shouldered Kite
  9. Bluethroat
  10. Blyth's Reed Warbler
  11. Booted Warbler
  12. Common Chiffchaff
  13. Common Coot
  14. Common Kestrel
  15. Common Moorhen
  16. Common Myna
  17. Common Peafowl
  18. Common Pochard
  19. Common Stone Chat
  20. Common Tailorbird
  21. Common Teal
  22. Common Woodshrike
  23. Crested Pochard
  24. Eurasian Collared Dove
  25. Gadwall
  26. Garganey
  27. Great Cormorant
  28. Greater Spotted Eagle
  29. Greenish Warbler
  30. Grey Francolin
  31. Grey Heron
  32. Greylag Goose
  33. House Crow
  34. Indian Cormorant
  35. Indian Robin
  36. Indian Silverbill
  37. Large Grey Babbler
  38. Laughing Dove
  39. Lesser Whistling Duck
  40. Lesser Whitethroat
  41. Little Cormorant
  42. Long-tailed Shrike
  43. Northern Shoveller
  44. Oriental Honey Buzzard
  45. Oriental Magpie Robin
  46. Oriental White-eye
  47. Orphean Warbler
  48. Paddyfield Pipit
  49. Painted Stork
  50. Pied Bushchat
  51. Pintail
  52. Plain Prinia
  53. Pond Heron
  54. Purple Heron
  55. Purple Sunbird
  56. Purple Swamphen
  57. Red Avadavat
  58. Red-throated Flycatcher
  59. Red-wattled Lapwing
  60. Rose-ringed Parakeet
  61. Rufous-tailed Shrike
  62. Sarus Crane (H)
  63. Shikra
  64. Spotbill Duck
  65. Spotted Dove
  66. Yellow-eyed Babbler
  67. Zitting Cisticola
Video grab: Spotted Eagle

In Sarus Crane country, a bushel full of lifers

Between November 21 and 25, I was in Rae Bareli, a place whose name most of us remember only during the elections (it happens to be the constituency of the Gandhi family). Rae Bareli and Unnao districts are in the heart of the Gangetic plain. The countryside is characterised by flat, dusty terrain: thickets of thorn scrub and acacia, marshes and reed beds, saline mudflats, occasional orchards and a great abundance of wetlands and foodgrain cultivation - wheat, bajra, lentils, paddy, sugarcane and water chestnuts among others. The soil is a fine, powdery yellowish dust, which motor vehicles whip up into enormous clouds. Trapped in the mist, it lingers, hindering both visibility and breathing. But there is no doubt that it is fertile soil, being rich in silt washed down by the rivers. We birded every day, sometimes rising as early as 4:30 AM to be earlier than the earliest bird. Winter has set in nice and firm over northern India, and the mercury hovered around 10 degrees C on some days. We covered many of the wetlands of the districts as well as a sampling of orchards. In the reed beds and alkaline scrublands of Samaspur Bird Sanctuary, we went looking for winter arrivals. Since my trek to the Garhwal Himalayas, I have not added so many lifers on a single birding trip. Of these, our standout sightings are the Red-necked Grebe at Samaspur, the Richard's Pipit at a very disturbed wetland near Khiron and the Steppe, Imperial and Bonelli's Eagles. We got a very good look at a Red-necked Falcon, and an obliging Wryneck posed for my video camera. Among the grass stalks and reed beds, Bluethroats displayed their painted chests with aplomb. Prinias - Jungle, Plain and Graceful - joined Zitting Cisticolas and Common Stonechats in creating that ever-mellifluous marsh chorus. At Samaspur, the Striated Grassbird announced his territorial claim with a pretty little song, and much fluttering and displaying. Warblers were alive in every bush. We had a couple of excellent views of the Greater Whitethroat. Wagtails - Grey, Yellow, White and Citrine - were everywhere. And our resident White-Browed felt a little edged out, methinks. The migrant waders fed busily. There were Storks and Ibises, Little Ringed Plovers, Little and Temminck's Stints, Sandpipers (Common, Green, Marsh and Wood), flocks of Ruff, Redshanks and Greenshanks, as well as visiting White-tailed and Grey-headed Lapwings. We detoured to the banks of the Ganga at Dalmau to catch a glimpse of a handsome resident - the River Lapwing. The little guys were at their best. I had the best look I have ever had of the Red Avadavat, picking seeds off the ground only feet away from my feet. But most of all, I acquainted myself with the reigning monarch of these wetlands - the enchanting Sarus Crane. We counted (as part of a census) over a hundred Sarus cranes. This is a sentient creature - let me tell you that. No bird can inspire so much respect. Several times, as I stood watching a pair of Sarus (often less than 50 feet away), I have been struck by the dignity with which this bird carries itself. There's a certain indulgence and aloofness about the Sarus that can only come with immense power and pedigree. Mostly, they mate for life and bring up one or two chicks every year. I was lucky to see plenty of chicks - from downy, tottering ones a few days old to some that were as tall as their parents. More on that later in a separate post. Enough said. Here's the species list:
  1. Ashy Drongo
  2. Ashy Prinia
  3. Ashy-crowned Sparrow Lark
  4. Asian Barred Owlet
  5. Asian Koel
  6. Asian Openbill
  7. Bank Myna
  8. Barn Swallow
  9. Black Drongo
  10. Black Ibis
  11. Black Kite
  12. Black Redstart
  13. Black-headed Ibis
  14. Black-headed Munia
  15. Black-headed Oriole
  16. Black-shouldered Kite
  17. Black-winged Cuckooshrike
  18. Black-winged Stilt
  19. Blue Rock Pigeon
  20. Bluethroat
  21. Blue-winged Leafbird
  22. Bonelli's Eagle
  23. Booted Warbler
  24. Brahminy Starling
  25. Bronze-winged Jacana
  26. Brown Hawk Owl
  27. Brown Rock-Chat
  28. Brown-headed Barbet
  29. Cattle Egret
  30. Chestnut-bellied Nuthatch
  31. Chestnut-shouldered Petronia
  32. Chiffchaff
  33. Citrine Wagtail
  34. Common Coot
  35. Common Flameback
  36. Common Iora
  37. Common Kestrel
  38. Common Kingfisher
  39. Common Moorhen
  40. Common Myna
  41. Common Peafowl
  42. Common Pochard
  43. Common Redshank
  44. Common Sandpiper
  45. Common Stone Chat
  46. Common Tailorbird
  47. Common Teal
  48. Coppersmith Barbet
  49. Cotton Pygmy Goose
  50. Coucal
  51. Crested Lark
  52. Crested Pochard
  53. Darter
  54. Egyptian Vulture
  55. Eurasian Collared Dove
  56. Eurasian Spoonbill
  57. Gadwall
  58. Graceful Prinia
  59. Great Egret
  60. Greater Whitethroat
  61. Green Bee Eater
  62. Green Sandpiper
  63. Greenish warbler
  64. Greenshank
  65. Grey Francolin
  66. Grey Heron
  67. Grey Hornbill
  68. Grey Wagtail
  69. Grey-capped Pygmy Woodpecker
  70. Grey-headed Canary Flycatcher
  71. Grey-headed Lapwing
  72. Hoopoe (Eurasian and Indian subspecies)
  73. House Crow
  74. House Sparrow
  75. House Swift
  76. Hume's warbler
  77. Imperial Eagle
  78. Indian cormorant
  79. Indian Robin
  80. Indian Roller
  81. Indian Silverbill
  82. Intermediate Egret
  83. Jungle Babbler
  84. Jungle Prinia
  85. Large Grey Babbler
  86. Large-billed Crow
  87. Large-billed Pipit
  88. Laughing Dove
  89. Lesser Whistling Duck
  90. Lesser Whitethroat
  91. Little Egret
  92. Little Grebe
  93. Little Ringed Plover
  94. Little Stint
  95. Long-tailed Minivet
  96. Long-tailed Shrike
  97. Marsh Harrier
  98. Marsh Sandpiper
  99. Northern Shoveller
  100. Oriental Honey Buzzard
  101. Oriental Magpie-Robin
  102. Oriental Skylark
  103. Oriental White-eye
  104. Paddyfield Pipit
  105. Paddyfield Warbler
  106. Painted Stork
  107. Peregrine Falcon
  108. Pheasant-tailed Jacana
  109. Pied Bushchat
  110. Pied Kingfisher
  111. Pied Starling
  112. Plain Prinia
  113. Plum-headed Parakeet
  114. Pond Heron
  115. Purple Heron
  116. Purple Sunbird
  117. Purple Swamphen
  118. Red Avadavat
  119. Red-necked Falcon
  120. Red-necked Grebe
  121. Red-throated Flycatcher
  122. Red-vented Bulbul
  123. Red-wattled Lapwing
  124. Red-whiskered Bulbul
  125. Richard's Pipit
  126. River Lapwing
  127. Rose-ringed Parakeet
  128. Ruff
  129. Rufous Treepie
  130. Rufous-tailed Shrike
  131. Sand Lark
  132. Sarus Crane
  133. Scaly-breasted Munia
  134. Sind Sparrow
  135. Small cormorant
  136. Spotbill Duck
  137. Spotted Dove
  138. Spotted Owlet
  139. Steppe Eagle
  140. Streak-throated Weaver
  141. Striated Grassbird
  142. Tawny Pipit
  143. Temminck's Stint
  144. Verditer Flycatcher
  145. White-breasted Waterhen
  146. White-browed Wagtail
  147. White-tailed Lapwing
  148. White-throated Kingfisher
  149. Wire-tailed Swallow
  150. Wood Sandpiper
  151. Woolly-necked Stork
  152. Wryneck
  153. Yellow-crowned Woodpecker
  154. Zitting Cisticola
Videos and photos coming soon.

Rabies threatens rare Ethiopian wolf

The rare Ethiopian wolf (Canis simensis), also known as the Abyssinian wolf or Simien jackal, inhabits the Bale mountains of southern Ethiopia, about 10,000 feet above sea level. In 1990, a rabies epidemic reduced the largest population of these animals from 440 individuals to only 160 in under two weeks. Shepherds in the region have brought dogs to round up their sheep. During the breeding season, the more feral dogs come into contact with the wolves and the incidences of rabies go up. Scientists working in the region are now vaccinating the wolves as well as the dogs at a frenetic pace. Any further casualties could deal a death blow to the species. BBC has more

Birdyard, mourned

All the trees have been marked to be cut. Every single one. Not just the gangly teak (Tectonia grandis), but even the ones that have no 'value' - the red-leaved Indian almond (Terminalia catappa), the green-barked, symmetrical silk cottons (Bombax), the fallow but foliaceous mango (Mangifera indica) and the stout jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus). Maybe even the cashew trees will go. And with them, some others that had turned the backyard of that not-so-old grandparental home into my childhood birding paradise. From the bamboo thicket on the verge of the dry deciduous forest patch to the edge of the paddy fields, I spent my boyhood here watching so many birds I now know so intimately that just their calls, trickling through to my ears from afar in any wooded patch, can assure me of their presence. Golden and black-hooded orioles, white-browed and red-vented bulbuls, Indian pitta, orange-headed ground thrush, racquet-tailed drongos, white-cheeked barbets, coppersmiths. Up in the canopy were Indian scops owls, jungle owlets, crested serpent eagles, shikras, leafbirds, ioras. I watched the gaudy Indian pitta rummage about among the dry leaf litter by day, and listened for its wheet-ew call at dusk. Red spurfowl came into the cowshed to pick at maggots in the dung. Jungle bush quail whirred into the air even as my heart pounded at the sudden announcement of their presence. Grey francolins called from the gateposts. Peafowl courted in the yard. For three days, I watched a black-naped monarch fly sorties almost at eye-level. In those camera-less times, I have seen black, bronzed and racquet-tailed drongos share perch on a tree branch. And, as if to compete with that, a tree full of vernal hanging parrots, rose-ringed and plum-headed parakeets. And then, there were other magic moments: when a 16-foot king cobra was found spitting and hissing in a pit meant to catch wild pig. And in the pit next to it, two jackal cubs (one blind) and two terrapins. One night, a small Indian civet slunk out of the forest to clean up the banana leaves from a feast. I chased skinks without luck. I collected glow-worms and trapped their pale light in bottles. Under stones, I looked for scorpions. And scanned treetops for green agamid lizards. Once, in a dry field, I saved a lapwing's egg from two circling pallid harriers, innocently unconscious of the fact that even harriers needed to eat. I go there less frequently now. The people who once lived there - my grandparents - live with my parents in Bangalore. At night, the only sounds in the house are of rats racing on its rafters, bats squabbling on its beams and the crunch of termites eating away its innards. Half of the birds I saw in my youth don't visit any more. The jackals have stopped calling. The wild pigs still come sometimes. I have seen neither the pitta nor the monarch on recent visits. That house was a place I had saved in my heart for my daughter's growing up years. But now, with the trees numbered for the axe, I have nothing to go there for. If I want to remember that house and its patch of forest, I must plant the seeds of memory before I forget.

Rare tarsier rediscovered in Indonesia

After Borneo, it's now Indonesia's turn to throw surprises at us. Scientific American reports the rediscovery of a rare primate, the Pygmy Tarsier (Tarsius pumilus). The nocturnal cousin of lorises and bushbabies, the pygmy tarsier is mostly insectivorous and can rotate its head like an owl. More here

When a tiger couldn't bear it

The tiger and the sloth bear are two major predators of the Indian jungles. Between them, it's clear who's boss. Some people know that tigers hunt and eat bears. Others don't. And then, there are people who can't bear to think about either possibility. The acclaimed wildlife filmmaker Shekar Dattatri has captured an intriguing and amusing interaction between a tiger and a sloth bear in Nagarahole, Karnataka. Looking into a patch of forest from a watchtower, the filmmaker and his companions (one of whom was wildlife biologist and tiger expert Dr. Ullas Karanth) saw a large male tiger pursued by a sloth bear. Knowing well the equation between the two animals, they expected a bloody confrontation resulting in the end of the bear as we knew it. Instead, what followed was comedy. The tiger lay down, yawned and regarded the bear's threat displays with apparent amusement. Once finished, the bear went away. And the tiger returned to his nap. Grand stuff. And lucky are those who witnessed it and caught it on film. The insight: Tigers, we are led to believe, are not interested in their prey when they are not hungry. That's a good lesson for little children: Eat at mealtimes and never in between. Text and pictures here

Away with the cranes

The Green Ogre is going away. 
Tonight, I take a train to Delhi. Then, it's off to the breeding grounds of the Sarus Grane (Grus antigone) in the wetlands of Uttar Pradesh. 
I'll be back in the first week of December.
Watch this space. Read the back pages. Keep yourself busy. 

Dragonfly or damselfly? Get this free field guide to find out

The first-ever layman's guide to the dragonflies and damselflies of peninsular India, published in 2005, is the result of a collaborative project of the Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore and Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore. The author, K A Subramanian, and the series editor Madhav Gadgil, along with all the photographers and researchers who contributed to this immensely useful and usable field guide, must be heartily commended. Democratising this wealth of information, adopting technology to produce it affordably, and distributing it by means of free downloads are outstanding steps on the part of the scientific community, which is often accused of being insular and aloof. The book is illustrated with excellent photographs and putting it all together must have been a painstaking exercise. The field guide is available as downloadable PDF files in three parts - an introduction (2.5 MB) and a section each on dragonflies (2.5 MB) and damselflies (2 MB). The initiative is part of Project Lifescape, which aims to enhance the quality of science education. The project has produced four books so far. The others are Butterflies of Peninsular India, Freshwater Fishes of Peninsular India and Amphibians of Peninsular India. These are not offered for free download.

How green is America's first coloured President?

It's a riot of colour out there. A blue wash is spreading over America's electoral map. A coloured man awaits entry to the White House. Democrats are closing in on the Senate and the House of Representatives. At the time of writing this, Barack Obama leads John McCain 338:155. Please welcome America's 44th President! Now, for that other colour: Green. How green is the new President? Some answers are here and here. Now, it's time to live up to those promises. Good show, America! (Weep not, for Sarah Palin will not be your veep.)

My love, for you I would (if I could) give an elephant

 
It's how I met her. She wasn't yet my wife but I knew we were on our way to making that happen. We were at Bandipur one morning in January 2005. The trees around the forest office were throwing long shadows. The grass was soft with ungulate shit. My arm was unbroken. My heart was giddy. And my brain had no say in anything that was going on. We saw an elephant, me and her. We remarked that it was cute, me and her. And then we saw a calf, just a few months old, dart from between the cow elephant's legs. An elephant calf. A baby elephant. Nature's instrument of insurmountable cuteness pieced together with everything that connotes ugly in a human frame of reference - dark, hairy, rough-skinned, warty, fat and redolent of piss... 


"Wow," she said. "Wow," I echoed. And nodded. And did other things that indicated agreement. I was content just looking at it. But she... she wanted to touch it. It was a tame elephant. And there was a mahout with it. But I, burdened by my faux environmental extremism and other shitshat hangups, came within an elephant's hair-breadth of screwing up my chances of a lifetime by advising her against it. 


In fact, good sense prevailed. I suspended all those silly conflicts for an instant. Lest I regretted them all at leisure for the rest of my wife-less life. I don't quite recall what I said to the mahout. But before I knew it she was there next to the cow elephant, looking as wide-eyed and eager as a child gifted with a new puppy. The cow shuffled nervously, but the mahout invited the love of my life to touch the calf. The calf gave a little whimper and hid near its mother's hind legs. The woman of my dreams then reached out and, in one swift movement, clutched the mahout by the hand. Thus anchored, she mustered the guts to stroke the little calf on its back. Then she scurried back to my side. Beaming. No one was harmed. Especially no elephants. It was then that I saw them -- the cow elephant's udders. Tucked between her forelegs (like a human, not like a cow). Moist with the milk of pachyderm kindness. And I understood that this, our undeniable mammalian affinity to all things living, is what makes women do these cho-chweet things. And makes us men so desire women.* 


I just had to marry this one. 


* This is a personal statement and those with strong gay-lesbian feelings and affiliations should just ignore my political incorrectness and move on. Politically, I am supportive of same-sex relationships as long as there's love there and no one gets hurt. Zoologically, though, I beg to differ. More on that later.

Down in Serendip, Amila Salgado clicks away

I stumbled upon (not via Stumbleupon but via BlogCatalog) a very attractive blog on birding and wildlife from Sri Lanka. Gallicissa, Amila Salgado's blog, provides informed photographic insight into the wildlife, birds and insect life of his fascinating island nation. I'm making a travel plan for a birding trip. And I'll soon put up a donation button here. So, start saving! Take a look, and stay stuck. It's addictive.